Decentralization and task sharing with non-laboratory personnel should occur in the context of a deliberate expansion of human resource capacity and, in some settings, updated legal and regulatory frameworks.

• Decentralized specimen collection and point-of-care testing require strong central support for training, mentorship, equipment maintenance, quality assurance and accurate data capture.
• Access to high-quality diagnostics across HIV and other molecular needs should be expanded using integrated laboratory networks that combine centralized and point-of-care technologies.